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Chinese New Year is also known as the Spring Festival. It starts at the beginning of Spring. It is one of the three most important Chinese festivals.
The Chinese use a lunar calendar, therefore the date of the Spring Festival changes each year. It takes place at some time during the end of January or the beginning of February.
This year it falls on February 7, 2008 and is the Year of the Rat.
The Chinese calendar has a 12 year cycle and each year is named after an animal. People born in each of these years are said to have certain characteristics.
To prepare for the New Year, Chinese clean their houses (it is believed the cleaning sweeps away bad luck). They also repay any money they owe, buy new clothes, and may even get their hair cut.
They decorate their houses with with red paper deocorations (spring couplets) and signs that wish peace and luck for the coming year.
Spring couplets are paper scrolls and squares inscribed with blessings and auspicious words, such as "good fortune," "wealth," "longevity," and "springtime." The paper squares are usually pasted upside down, because the Mandarin word for "upside down," dao, is a homonym of the word "arrival." Thus, the paper squares represent the "arrival" of spring and the "coming" of prosperous times.
On New Year's Eve family members who are no longer living at home make a special effort to return home for reunion and share a big family dinner. Special foods are served such as hot pot, dumplings or fish. After dinner the adults give the children hong bao (red envelopes containing lucky money), and they also try to stay up all night to welcome the New Year, as it was long believed that by doing so on New Year's Eve, their parents would live a longer life.
One of the first things to be done on New Year's morning, is offering ritual homage to one's ancestors. Reverence is then paid to the gods, followed by younger family members paying their respects to their living elders. New clothes are worn, and visits are made to friends, neighbors, and relatives to exchange good wishes of gong xi fa cai (which means "congratulations and prosperity"). As an occasion for reconciliation, it's a time when old grudges are cast aside amidst an atmosphere of warmth and friendliness.
Animal | Branch | Dates | |
---|---|---|---|
鼠 Rat | 子 Zi | February 19, 1996 | February 7, 2008 |
牛 Ox | 丑 Chou | February 7, 1997 | January 26, 2009 |
虎 Tiger | 寅 Yin | January 28, 1998 | February 14, 2010 |
兔 Rabbit | 卯 Mao | February 16, 1999 | February 3, 2011 |
龍 Dragon | 辰 Chen | February 5, 2000 | January 23, 2012 |
蛇 Snake | 巳 Si | January 24, 2001 | February 10, 2013 |
馬 Horse | 午 Wu | February 12, 2002 | January 31, 2014 |
羊 Sheep | 未 Wei | February 1, 2003 | February 19, 2015 |
猴 Monkey | 申 Shen | January 22, 2004 | February 8, 2016 |
雞 Rooster | 酉 You | February 9, 2005 | January 28, 2017 |
狗 Dog | 戌 Xu | January 29, 2006 | February 16, 2018 |
豬 Pig | 亥 Hai | February 18, 2007 | February 5, 2019 |